MySQL SQL Error: 1064, SQLState: 42000 错误
原创
mysql
在 MySQL 中，下表中的字显式被保留。其中大多数字进制被标准 SQL 用作列名 和/或 表名( 例如，GROUP) 。少数被保留了，因为 MySQL 需要它们，( 目前) 使用 yacc 解析程序。保留字被引起来后可以用作识别符。
你不小心使用了下面的关键字，那么就会报这个错误：
SQL Error: 1064, SQLState: 42000
MySQL 关键字和保留字
下面这个表格的目前 MySQL 所拥有的关键字和保留字，在使用 MySQL 创建库名、表名、字段名等的时候，最好避免直接使用这些单词，并且不分大小写，否则的话很容易报错。
| 1 | 2 | 3 |
|---|---|---|
| ADD | ALL | ALTER |
| ANALYZE | AND | AS |
| ASC | ASENSITIVE | BEFORE |
| BETWEEN | BIGINT | BINARY |
| BLOB | BOTH | BY |
| CALL | CASCADE | CASE |
| CHANGE | CHAR | CHARACTER |
| CHECK | COLLATE | COLUMN |
| CONDITION | CONNECTION | CONSTRAINT |
| CONTINUE | CONVERT | CREATE |
| CROSS | CURRENT_DATE | CURRENT_TIME |
| CURRENT_TIMESTAMP | CURRENT_USER | CURSOR |
| DATABASE | DATABASES | DAY_HOUR |
| DAY_MICROSECOND | DAY_MINUTE | DAY_SECOND |
| DEC | DECIMAL | DECLARE |
| DEFAULT | DELAYED | DELETE |
| DESC | DESCRIBE | DETERMINISTIC |
| DISTINCT | DISTINCTROW | DIV |
| DOUBLE | DROP | DUAL |
| EACH | ELSE | ELSEIF |
| ENCLOSED | ESCAPED | EXISTS |
| EXIT | EXPLAIN | FALSE |
| FETCH | FLOAT | FLOAT4 |
| FLOAT8 | FOR | FORCE |
| FOREIGN | FROM | FULLTEXT |
| GOTO | GRANT | GROUP |
| HAVING | HIGH_PRIORITY | HOUR_MICROSECOND |
| HOUR_MINUTE | HOUR_SECOND | IF |
| IGNORE | IN | INDEX |
| INFILE | INNER | INOUT |
| INSENSITIVE | INSERT | INT |
| INT1 | INT2 | INT3 |
| INT4 | INT8 | INTEGER |
| INTERVAL | INTO | IS |
| ITERATE | JOIN | KEY |
| KEYS | KILL | LABEL |
| LEADING | LEAVE | LEFT |
| LIKE | LIMIT | LINEAR |
| LINES | LOAD | LOCALTIME |
| LOCALTIMESTAMP | LOCK | LONG |
| LONGBLOB | LONGTEXT | LOOP |
| LOW_PRIORITY | MATCH | MEDIUMBLOB |
| MEDIUMINT | MEDIUMTEXT | MIDDLEINT |
| MINUTE_MICROSECOND | MINUTE_SECOND | MOD |
| MODIFIES | NATURAL | NOT |
| NO_WRITE_TO_BINLOG | NULL | NUMERIC |
| ON | OPTIMIZE | OPTION |
| OPTIONALLY | OR | ORDER |
| OUT | OUTER | OUTFILE |
| PRECISION | PRIMARY | PROCEDURE |
| PURGE | RAID0 | RANGE |
| READ | READS | REAL |
| REFERENCES | REGEXP | RELEASE |
| RENAME | REPEAT | REPLACE |
| REQUIRE | RESTRICT | RETURN |
| REVOKE | RIGHT | RLIKE |
| SCHEMA | SCHEMAS | SECOND_MICROSECOND |
| SELECT | SENSITIVE | SEPARATOR |
| SET | SHOW | SMALLINT |
| SPATIAL | SPECIFIC | SQL |
| SQLEXCEPTION | SQLSTATE | SQLWARNING |
| SQL_BIG_RESULT | SQL_CALC_FOUND_ROWS | SQL_SMALL_RESULT |
| SSL | STARTING | STRAIGHT_JOIN |
| TABLE | TERMINATED | THEN |
| TINYBLOB | TINYINT | TINYTEXT |
| TO | TRAILING | TRIGGER |
| TRUE | UNDO | UNION |
| UNIQUE | UNLOCK | UNSIGNED |
| UPDATE | USAGE | USE |
| USING | UTC_DATE | UTC_TIME |
| UTC_TIMESTAMP | VALUES | VARBINARY |
| VARCHAR | VARCHARACTER | VARYING |
| WHEN | WHERE | WHILE |
| WITH | WRITE | X509 |
| XOR | YEAR_MONTH | ZEROFILL |
解决方法
有时候由于特殊原因，又必须使用这些关键字当作名称怎么办？办法还是有的，这里推荐三种方式来解决这个问题。
一、将表名或字段名用方括号（[]）括起来
xml 配置：
<property name="desc" type="string">
<column name="[DESC]" length="255" not-null="true"/>
</property>
注解：
@Column(name = "[DESC]", nullable = false)
public String getDesc() {
return this.desc;
}
二、将表名或字段名用两个重音符号（`）括起来
重音符号键即是键盘上 “1” 键左边的、“Tab” 键上边的那个键。此符号亦被称为“反向引号”。
xml 配置：
<property name="desc" type="string">
<column name="`DESC`" length="255" not-null="true"/>
</property>
注解：
@Column(name = "`DESC`", nullable = false)
public String getDesc() {
return this.desc;
}
三、将表名或字段名用双引号（"）括起来
xml 配置：
<property name="desc" type="string">
<column name='"DESC"' length="255" not-null="true"/>
</property>
注解：
@Column(name = "\"DESC\"", nullable = false)
public String getDesc() {
return this.desc;
}